Evaluation of earth system model and atmospheric inversion using total column CO2 observations from GOSAT and OCO-2

Abstract The measurements of one the major greenhouse gases, carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), are being made using dedicated satellite remote sensing since launch gases observing (GOSAT) by a three-way partnership between Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Ministry Environment (MoE) and National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), Aeronautics Space Administration (NASA) Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2). In past 10 years, estimation CO fluxes from land ocean earth system models (ESMs) inverse modelling in situ atmospheric data have also significant progress. We attempt, first time, to evaluate simulated an model (MIROC-ES2L) estimated (MIROC4-Inv) comparing with GOSAT OCO-2 observations. Both MIROC-ES2L MIROC4-Inv used MIROC4-atmospheric chemistry transport (referred as ACTM_ES2LF ACTM_InvF, respectively) calculating total column mole fraction (XCO ) that sampled at time location measurements. ACTM simulations agreed well observations, within ppm spatial maps evolutions zonal mean distributions. Our results suggest is more consistent retrievals, compared those XCO due higher accuracy former. This suggests sufficient quality fluxes. simulation shows slightly weaker seasonal cycle meridional profiles fluxes, ACTM_InvF. difference revealed greater differences vs GOSAT, ACTM_InvF GOSAT. Using sensing–based global products leaf area index (LAI) gross primary productivity (GPP) over land, we show sensitivity biospheric activities weather climate tropical regions. clearly usefulness evaluation large-scale ESMs, which so far remained untested sparse data.